Multifunctional motorized box and landing pad for automatic drone package delivery

ABSTRACT

The invention consists of an actuated box and navigation aid for automatic delivery by unmanned vehicles (UAV) or drones. It also incorporates delivery information via the web linking orders, enclosure status, package specific drone homing signals, delivery confirmations and more. 
     This system incorporates a novel and effective means for providing a standardized and predicable area for safe landing during delivery by functionalized drones. It also secures the package from theft, vandalism, animals and the weather and provides features necessary for air-traffic management.

FIELD

The present document relates to systems providing a standardized landing zone for an autonomous and/or remotely piloted unmanned aircraft vehicle (UAV) as well as securing the delivered package in an efficient means. It is also suggest a method for necessary regulation of drone traffic by managing emergency situations (unexpected low battery, requests to land due to mechanical problems or bad weather) and monitoring the current air traffic.

BACKGROUND

The economic sector of package delivery has undergone steady growth since the birth of online commerce. People increasingly rely on punctual delivery for urgent orders which leads to increased ground delivery. In cities where the majority of the world population now lives, there is the prospect of a new delivery means. Given that high population′ density in these urban areas leads to shorter delivery distance: the use of drone delivery is desirable and makes sense economically. The paradigm applies to consumer goods ranging from daily necessities, take-out and medical supplies for example.

It will be also desirable that the goods to be delivered are as near as possible to the customer such that the drone is not blocked from ground level traffic constraints and because the drone has limited cargo lift capability when compared to ground truck delivery. The drone is thus better suited for point-to-point delivery of small packages.

To achieve this, the drone delivery operation must comply with the following requirements:

-   -   A landing pad that predicable in size and clear from any object     -   Provide a mean for the drone to remain above ground which is         less prone to accident with animal, children, people and other         moving objects.     -   The landing area is not buried in snow, sand, ash or other         debris can be blown by winds.     -   Allows operation in areas with frost, snow or rain and high         temperature.     -   Provides theft security and neighbor discretion about a package         arrival when used in private home setting.     -   Provides a way of keeping the delivered product in a controlled         environment, especially when food, medicine or perishable goods         are delivered. The system protects the received package from the         elements and an optionally controls the enclosures internal         temperature. The holding conditions being compatible with the         order's optimal storage properties.     -   All this is autonomous in operation.     -   Provide electrical power to the drone; allowing it to charge its         on board batteries and thus increase its accessible range.

In a broader view, allowing simultaneously multiples drones flight in an area requires some control features needed by an aviation control agencies:

-   -   Provide a safe landing zone with possible recharge in situations         when the drone cannot maintain the established flight plan.     -   Allow a means of managing and monitoring air traffic to avoid         collisions and ensuring that air traffic safety rules are         followed.     -   Detecting the use of unidentified/unlicensed drones and having a         means of tracking down the operator by law enforcement.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in IDLE state with packages secured;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, ready for drone landing with edges lights exposed;

FIG. 3 is a. Functional System Overview of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a state of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

ITEMIZED PART LIST

-   21: Is the Edge lights. -   26: Is the Weatherproof gasket along edges. -   23: Is the Motorized flaps modular assembly. -   24: Is the Heater/Cooling plate. -   25: Is the Electronic modules and antennas. -   16: Is the Delivered Packages. -   31: Is the Opened Flaps. -   32: Is the Access handle with lock. -   33: Is the Optional protection baffle. -   34: Is the Access door.

Principle of Operation

-   1. Prior to usage, the customer (100) first registers his system     with delivery companies (104) his landing box with its ID along and     its GPS coordinates acquired via a cellular phone, a tablet or a     computer (101) or via the embedded GPS receiver if equipped (106 &     122). Then connects the box to a standard power source. The box has     posts for yard installation (FIG. 1) and anchors for balcony use.     Standardized clearances must be respected. The box may itself     communicate to the delivery company this information when enabled     for Internet access through the user's private wireless     communication (WiFi, cellular or other) (105, 126 & 127). -   2. The box has retractable flaps (110) that serve a dual function of     protective cover when closed; and as a landing pad when opened (FIG.     2). To achieve this, when closed, some parts of the flaps face     downward in the box. Many embodiments of the flaps are possible.     Depending on the mechanical flap configuration, an optional,     extensible material can be use between flaps to provide a continuous     sealed area when deployed. -   3. A motorized mechanism (110, 111 & 118) is responsible of moving     the flaps from open to close state and it is commanded by an     embedded electronics or computer (from FIG. 1 to FIG. 2 state). Such     mechanisms can be either centralized in the box or can be     Independent for each flap. -   4. Each flap on the landing pad side has one or many non corrosive     electrodes (116) that link safely to an in-drone battery charger.     The drone could use non corrosive conductive landing gear to make     contact. The spacing and placement between electrode groups is     constructed in a manner that allows at least two different     polarity/phase contacts for any drone landing position for a     standardized landing pad distance. Electrodes can have many form,     dots, line mesh or continuous surfaces and may be spring loaded.     Charge can be enabled upon drone request (‘CHARGES’). Alternately     charging may be via an inductive link. -   5. The current limited source (128) can be DC or AC with two or more     electrical phases for allowing in-drone charging. This allows     charging even if only two electrodes make contact (116). If more     than two make contact, the greater the current may be delivered by     unit of time. The current limiter may also incorporate a ground     fault detector to prevent electric shock to users or bystanders. -   6. Optionally, each landing gear may have a coil, a magnet or a     ferromagnetic material. A coil or magnet is placed in various     locations in the flap for allowing firm contact while charging and     magnetically ties (117) the drone to the landing pad to prevent a     fall from high winds or an impact. The magnetic tie down system can     also be used by the drone upon landing and started upon its command     by a drone message (‘TIE’). Alternately mechanically actuated     anchoring may be used. -   7. Lights are placed on the edges of the flaps (109) and in the box     and serve as an optical guide for the drone to make the final     landing approach thus allowing efficient night time operation with     the drone camera. Optionally, some of these luminous indicators may     be placed inside the box and their covering parts on the flaps shall     then be made transparent allowing light to flow out. -   8. The lights (109) may be pulsed by the controller (121) in a     binary manner which allows for the drone via simple optical sensor     or camera use to capture the box's ID and status. Color changes may     also be utilized as to enhance guidance or as communications. Non     visible light (infrared or UV) may also be used instead or in     addition to visible light. -   9. Depending on the system communication and availability, the box     is able to exchange communication messages either directly by a RF     transceiver (119 & 124) or by a wireless communication & internet     (105,126 & 127). -   10. Complimentarily, the box may have a RF transceiver (119) that     can transmit a message stack (124) continuously in addition to     apersiodical ID and status. The status is used to assist the drone's     (107) navigation while searching for the box and making a landing     approach. The said transceiver may be composed of directional     antennas to further enhance navigation. -   11. The box may also be fitted with a multiplicity of wireless     transceivers (127) (RF, WiFi, cellular or other) that can exchange     messages with the drone using internet, cellular or another common     global network. -   12. To allow a box open for landing, it receives the message key or     token from the drone. This key may be encrypted. If the matching key     is provided then the flaps open and the box status changes from     ‘IDLE’ to ‘OPENING’ and the status is broadcast to the drone. When     opened completely it then broadcasts a ‘READY’ state indicating to     the drone (107) that the pad is available for landing. For enhanced     security, the computer might detect that all the flaps are correctly     deployed in the landing pad configuration by the means of one or     many sensor (111). -   13. In the case that the wrong key has been given to the box, an     message is broadcast along with visual light indications informing     the drone that the wrong box has been selected, this allows it to     move on to a different target. -   14. Once the drone has landed, the package deposited and the drone     clear the pad, the drone sends a “Done” message to the box. -   15. The controller (121) then changes its status to ‘CLOSING’. When     the flaps close the package falls to the bottom or onto the previous     package inside the box, when completed it broadcasts the delivery     status in the ‘NOTIFY’ state, then returns to the ‘IDLE’ state. -   16. Optionally and if authorized in user settings, the box may     accept an opening request and provide a recharge service to an     in-transit drone that needs power. Using the previous stated     procedure but using a RF universal “Emergency” or “Charge message”     pass key. Box ID & Drone ID & status are updated via the drone's     communication link. Depending of the delivery system software     configuration, the user may be credited for this event. Also, the     user may deny this, in that situation the box will reply a denied     message following such a drone request. -   17. The drone relays information to delivery company's central     computing system (104) which informs both parties on the delivery     status. -   18. A level sensor detects (115) the current package level inside     the box. -   19. As previously mentioned, the box can be linked to the Internet     via WiFi or other wireless means (105, 126 & 127). Access to the     cloud allowing real-time delivery tracking, system ID, status, box     fill level and delivery tracking information. The system operates     independently despite network connection being unavailable. -   20. A temperature sensor and optionally a humidity sensor (113)     detect frost conditions and starts a periodic or programmed defrost     heating cycle to prevent mechanical failure of the box opening     system. -   21. A temperature sensor (113) with a heating or cooling element     (112) is also used to keep the interior of the box at a required     temperature until the box is emptied. The required temperature and     the control duration limit are sent by the delivery companies (104)     via the drone (107) or the wireless communication (105) when     delivering the package. -   22. The box has an electronic and/or mechanical key (114 & 123)     allowing opening of the box package retrieval. All accesses made are     logged by the device (125); more than one user may have access. -   23. Mechanisms for the removal or melting of snow and dust (108) may     be optionally integrated in the form of compressed air jet or     heating elements integrated into the surface. -   24. The box may have a display (109) for showing the user current     package level and status. -   25. The RF drone's ID and RF power spectrum may serve to regulate     air traffic in a centralized manner. The box could be equipped with     wide band RF spectrum analyzer/scanner (119 & 120) that can report     to aviation regulation agency (103) the RF power spectrum     surrounding the box and also all standard drone ID and RF power data     through a local WiFi or wireless connection (105, 126 & 127). The     agency then has access to all boxes data from different spatial     locations, thus allowing triangulations of both identified (by ID)     and unidentified (by RF spectrum usage) drone signature and     positions. This allows real-time monitoring and possible signature     requests from an agency's command center. Also, real-time and     historical positioning data that can be used by law enforcement in     the case of an illegal usage of drones. -   26. A more complete box behavior is depicted using the state     diagrams in FIG. 4. The box is initially delivered in an     ‘UNCONFIGURED’ state as it waits for data user (100) inputs from a     computer, cellular or tablet (101) via the wireless link (105) (GPS     position confirmation, customer ID, preferences, etc). When the     information is received and accepted by the delivery company (104),     the box is set to an ‘IDLE’ using similar means. For all status     broadcasts the box ID and status are sent via local RF (119), the     same information along with the local RF spectrum are sent (126) via     the wireless nelwork (127) when available. In the ‘IDLE’ state only,     the box listens for a drone message (Drone key) or a user input     (User key). Upon reception of a valid key, It goes into the     ‘OPENING’ state and checks flaps movement progression. When flaps     are confirmed to be fully extended, the status progresses to ‘READY’     (if it was trigged by a drone) or to ‘USER OPEN’ (if triggered by a     user key). In the ‘READY’ state, the drone is assisted by the box in     its final approach by both lights (109) and by RF signals (119).     Once it as landed, or prior to arrival, the drone may request the     states ‘TIE’ (117) then ‘CHARGE’ (116). The drone may leave the     package and when it has taken off it sends a “Done” message which     makes the box go into the ‘CLOSING’ state. If any error occurs     during the OPENING or CLOSING states, the box retries then it enters     a ‘FAILURE’ status if it cannot complete. The ‘NOTIFY’ state sends a     message to both delivery company (104) and user (100) about the     delivery and the box status. If a ‘FAILURE’ state occurs the box is     set to the ‘UNAVAILABLE’ state rather than ‘IDLE’. The user can     toggle between those two states (‘UNAVAILABLE’, ‘IDLE’) from a user     key (114) or from a computer, cellular or tablet (101) using the     wireless link (105).

PRIOR ART

US 20140032034 A1 Transportation using network of unmanned aerial vehicles *1

Does not mention any motorized packaging box for controlling the clean interior to exterior folding/unfolding landing pad, securing the packaging, providing a predicable landing area and charging the drone by the landing gear.

US 20140254896 A1

-   -   Unmanned drone, robot system for delivering mail, goods,         humanoid security, crisis negotiation, mobile payments, smart         humanoid mailbox and wearable personal exoskeleton heavy load         flying machine

Is about a navigation and distribution algorithm and humanoid delivery aid and does not refer any as *1

US 20140067160 A1 Unmanned device interaction methods and systems

US 20140024999 A1

Refer navigation algorithm, community boxes and automatically dispatching packaging methods for handling many sub contents in the community boxes while where is about a single content motorized box. Does not refer any as *1

WO 2014080389 A2 Autonomous ground station interfacing aerial delivery

Refer community boxes and automatically dispatching packaging methods for handling many sub contents to targets end user where ours is about a single content motorized box. Does not refer any as *1 

What is claimed is:
 1. An automated retraceable landing pad that provides predictable, clean and secure landing area for delivery drones that protects the said delivered package inside an enclosure and keeps it in the interior of the enclosure for release to the owner.
 2. An automated retraceable landing pad of claim 1, that allows the package to be deposited gently into the box while closing.
 3. An automated communication system allowing final destination honing, approach opening and closing of a destination point or storage compartment by an authorized drone with request and authorization encrypted keys. The said communication systems may be implemented with RF, ultrasonic, light emission, laser or other medium.
 4. An automated retraceable landing pad of claim 1, in which landing pad flaps that provides a safe electrical power source for the landing craft. Power may be transferred by electrode contact, inductively, by other radiative media or battery swapping operations.
 5. An automated retraceable landing pad of claim 1, in which optical, or audio, visual (camera) or RF communication established between the approaching drone and the receptacle box using for example pulsed and/or color changing lights at the landing pad.
 6. An automated retraceable landing pad of claim 1 with landing pad with mechanical or magnetic anchoring systems that allows anchoring of the drone to the landing pad while charging.
 7. An automated retraceable landing pad of claim 1 with a receptacle box's interior that is cooled and/or heated maintaining temperature within an optimal range for perishable goods.
 8. An automated retraceable landing pad of claim 1 with a temperature and or humidity sensor for initiating a defrost cycles in areas that have temperature below 0 Celsius ambient temperatures.
 9. An automated retraceable landing pad of claim 1, comprising a communication system that sends a confirmation of delivery to the drone and a delivery status to the customer.
 10. An automated retraceable landing pad of claim 1, has a led or display providing a visual cue showing that that a package has been received and is held inside the box.
 11. An automated retraceable landing pad of claim 1 possessing a backup battery and or solar panels built into the flaps for auxiliary power allowing operation in the case of power outage.
 12. An automated retraceable landing pad of claim 1, flaps that may have different colors on the roof side and on the landing side allowing camera localization by the drone.
 13. An automated retraceable landing pad of claim 1, with a coded image (like a QR code) may be placed on the landing side of the flap providing redundant means of identification.
 14. An automated retraceable landing pad of claim 3 integrating an RF spectrum analyzer that detects drone ID with RF power which are transmitted periodically by WiFi or other wireless means to an aviation control agencies allowing air space management and spatial tracking of illegal air space use. 